[Nchịkọta] Ọgwụ ọkụ 30 ajụjụ na azịza

A jụrụ akwụkwọ ndekọ aha 30

Kedu ụzọ ndị a na-eji emenyụ emenyụ eme ihe ma kọwaa ụkpụrụ nke ịhọrọ ụzọ nkwụsị dị iche iche?

Usoro ịgbanyụ:

1. Otu mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ -- usoro jụrụ oyi na ihe na-eme ka ọ dị jụụ, otu mmiri mmiri na-eme ka nrụgide microstructure na-eme ka ọ ghara ịdị ukwuu na nrụgide okpomọkụ dị ntakịrị, nkwụsị nrụrụ dị ukwuu.

2. Ugboro abụọ mmiri mmiri quenching - nzube: ngwa ngwa jụrụ n'etiti 650 ℃ ~ Ms, nke mere na V> Vc, mma nwayọọ nwayọọ n'okpuru Ms iji belata anụ ahụ stress.Carbon ígwè: mmiri n'ihu mmanụ. Alloy ígwè: mmanụ tupu ikuku.

3. Fractional quenching - a na-ewepụta workpiece ma na-anọ n'otu okpomọkụ nke mere na ime na mpụga okpomọkụ nke workpiece na-agbanwe agbanwe, na mgbe ahụ usoro nke ikuku jụrụ.Nkwụsị nke irighiri ihe bụ mgbanwe M na-eme na ikuku jụrụ oyi, na nrụgide dị n'ime dị ntakịrị.

4. Isothermal quenching - na-ezo aka na mgbanwe bainite na-eme na bainite okpomọkụ mpaghara isothermal, na-ebelata nrụgide dị n'ime ya na obere deformation. Ụkpụrụ nke imenyụ usoro nhọrọ kwesịrị ọ bụghị nanị izute ihe ndị a chọrọ ịrụ ọrụ, ma na-ebelatakwa nrụgide na-eme ka ọ dị elu ruo n'ókè. ekwe omume iji zere imenyụ nrụrụ na mgbawa.

 

Gịnị bụ ihe dị iche n'etiti kemịkalụ uzuoku nkwụnye ego na anụ ahụ meteorological ntinye ngwa ha bụ isi?

Ndokwa kemịkalụ meteorological bụ usoro CVD kachasị.The mmeghachi omume ọkara nwere mkpuchi ihe ọcha na-vaporized na a ala okpomọkụ, na mgbe ahụ zigara n'ime a elu okpomọkụ mmeghachi omume ụlọ ịkpọtụrụ workpiece elu na-emepụta elu okpomọkụ chemical mmeghachi omume.Alloy ma ọ bụ metal na ogige ya precipitated na-edebe na workpiece elu na-etolite mkpuchi.

Isi njirimara usoro CVD:

1. Nwere ike idobe ihe dị iche iche nke crystalline ma ọ bụ amorphous inorganic film ihe.

2. Ịdị ọcha dị elu na ike jikọtara ọnụ.

3. Oke sedimentary oyi akwa na ole na ole pores.

4. Ezi ịdị n'otu, ngwa na usoro dị mfe.

5. Ọnọdụ mmeghachi omume dị elu.

Ngwa: iji kwadebe ụdị fim dị iche iche n'elu ihe ndị dị ka ígwè na ígwè, alloy siri ike, ígwè na-abụghị ferrous na inorganic na-abụghị metal, tumadi insulator film, semiconductor film, eduzi na superconductor film na corrosion eguzogide film.

Anụ ahụ na meteorological deposition: a usoro nke gaseous bekee na-edebe ozugbo na workpiece elu n'ime siri ike film, mara dị ka PVD method.There atọ bụ isi ụzọ, ya bụ, agụụ evaporation, sputtering na ion plating.Application: eyi na-eguzogide ọgwụ mkpuchi, okpomọkụ. mkpuchi na-eguzogide ọgwụ, mkpuchi na-eguzogide corrosion, mkpuchi lubricating, mkpuchi na-arụ ọrụ ịchọ mma.


A na-akọwa microstructure na macroscopic morphoiogy nke ike ọgwụgwụ

Microscopic: mpempe akwụkwọ a na-ahụ n'okpuru microscopic eletrọn microscopic, nke a maara dị ka ike ọgwụgwụ ma ọ bụ ike ọgwụgwụ dị iche iche.

Macroscopic: n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ, ọ nwere njirimara nke mgbaji na-agbaji agbaji na-enweghị nrụrụ macroscopic anya na anya gba ọtọ.Ahụkarị ike ọgwụgwụ gbajiri agbaji mejupụtara mgbape isi mpaghara, mgbape propagation mpaghara na ikpeazụ transient fracture zone.The ike ọgwụgwụ isi iyi ebe bụ obere ewepụghị, mgbe ụfọdụ na-egbuke egbuke mirror, na mgbape propagation ebe bụ osimiri ma ọ bụ shei ụkpụrụ, ụfọdụ nke ike ọgwụgwụ isi iyi na unequal spacing bụ yiri. arcs nke etiti nke okirikiri. A na-ekpebi morphology microscopic nke mpaghara mgbaji na-agafe agafe site na njirimara ibu ụdị na nha nke ihe ahụ, ma nwee ike ịbụ dimple ma ọ bụ nkesa-dissociation, dissociation intergranular fracture ma ọ bụ ngwakọta agwakọta.

 

Tụtụ aka n'ụdị prodlems atọ dị egwu na-emekarị n'ime ọkụ induction kpo oku wee gbalịa nyochaa ihe kpatara ha.

1 .cracking: okpomọkụ okpomọkụ dị oke elu na okpomọkụ adịghị mma; Nhọrọ na-ezighị ezi nke ikpo ọkụ na okpomọkụ; Ịgba ọkụ abụghị oge na ezughị ezu; Ihe nwere ike siri ike, ikewapụ akụkụ, ntụpọ na oke nsonye; Akụkụ ndị ahụ adịghị mma. emebere ya.

2. Isi ike elu na-enweghị isi: usoro ntinye ihe na-enweghị ezi uche; Igwe ọkụ na-adịghị mma; Igwe ọkụ na-adịghị mma; Nhazi ihe na-adịghị mma (nhazi banded, decarbonization akụkụ.

3. Elu agbaze: na inductor Ọdịdị bụ enweghị ezi uche; Akụkụ adị nkọ nkuku, oghere, ọjọọ, wdg .; Oge ikpo ọkụ bụ ogologo oge, na workpiece elu nwere cracks.

 

kedu ihe njirimara nke usoro iwe ọkụ ọhụrụ maka HSS ala?

Were W18Cr4V ka ihe atụ, gịnị mere na ọ dị mma karịa nkịtị tempered n'ibu Njirimara?

E jiri ya tụnyere ígwè dị elu na-agba ọsọ nkịtị, M2C carbides na-ebuwanye ibu karị, na M2C, V4C na Fe3C carbides nwere mgbasawanye dị ukwuu na ịdị n'otu ka mma, na ihe dị ka 5% ruo 7% bainite dị, nke bụ ihe dị mkpa microstructure ihe maka elu okpomọkụ na-ewe oké ọsọ ọsọ. arụ ọrụ igwe dị mma karịa igwe na-agba ọsọ dị elu.

Kedu ụdị ikuku a na-achịkwa nke ọma ka a na-ejikarị ?Kwaa njirimara na ngwa ikuku ọ bụla.

Enwere ikuku endothermic, ikuku ntapu, ikuku anụ ahụ kwụ ọtọ, ikuku ndị ọzọ enwere ike ịchịkwa (igwe ikuku nitrogen, ikuku amonia decomposition, ikuku exothermic).

1. Endothermic ikuku bụ raw gas agwakọta na ikuku na a ụfọdụ nkezi, site catalyst na elu okpomọkụ, mmeghachi omume eme tumadi nwere CO, H2, N2 na Chọpụta CO2, O2 na H2O ikuku, n'ihi na mmeghachi omume banye okpomọkụ, nke a na-akpọ. endothermic ikuku ma ọ bụ gas RX. Ejiri ya maka carburizing na carbonitriding.

2. Na drip ikuku, methanol na-ezo kpọmkwem n'ime ọkụ ka ịgbawa, na-ebu nwere CO na H2 na-eme, na mgbe ahụ ọgaranya gị n'ụlọnga na-agbakwunyere maka carburizing;Obere okpomọkụ carbonitriding, nchebe kpo oku na-egbuke egbuke quenching, wdg.

3. The infiltration gị n'ụlọnga dị ka eke gas na ikuku weere na a ụfọdụ proportion ozugbo n'ime ọkụ, na elu okpomọkụ 900 ℃ mmeghachi omume ozugbo eme carburizing ikuku. Amonia decomposition gas na-eji maka nitriding ụgbọelu gas, ígwè ma ọ bụ na-abụghị ferrous metal ala okpomọkụ. kpo oku nchedo ikuku.Nitrogen - dabeere ikuku maka elu carbon ígwè ma ọ bụ na-ebu ígwè nchedo mmetụta dị mma.Exothermic ikuku na-eji na-egbuke egbuke okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ nke ala carbon ígwè, ọla kọpa ma ọ bụ decarburization annealing nke malleable nkedo ígwè.

Gịnị bụ nzube nke isothermal quenching nke nodular nkedo ígwè ?Gịnị bụ isothermal na isothermal quenched Ọdịdị?

Ebumnobi: Ezi n'ibu Njirimara na obere distortion nke ductile ígwè nwere ike nweta site isothermal quenching na bainite mgbanwe mpaghara mgbe austenitizing.Isothermal okpomọkụ: 260 ~ 300 ℃ bainite Ọdịdị; The elu bainite Ọdịdị na-enwetara na 350 ~ 400 ℃.

N'ụzọ dị nkenke na-akọwa isi usoro e ji mara ndị nkịtị chemical okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ (carburizing, nitriding, carburizing na nitrocarburizing), Ọdịdị na arụmọrụ e ji mara mgbe okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ, nke ihe ma ọ bụ akụkụ na-tumadi etinyere?

Carburizing: tumadi na elu nke workpiece n'ime usoro nke carbon atọm, elu tempering martensite, residual A na carbide, nzube nke center bụ melite elu carbon ọdịnaya, na elu ekweghị ekwe na elu eyi iguzogide, center nwere A. ụfọdụ ike na ịdị elu siri ike, nke mere na ọ na-enwe nnukwu mmetụta na esemokwu, obere carbon ígwè dị ka 20CrMnTi, gear na piston pin na-ejikarị.

Nitriding: n'elu infiltration nke nitrogen atọm, bụ elu ike ike, na-eyi ike ọgwụgwụ ike ọgwụgwụ na corrosion eguzogide na thermal ike ọgwụgwụ, elu bụ nitride, obi nke tempering sorbsite, gas nitriding, mmiri mmiri nitriding, na-ejikarị 38CrMoAlA. , 18CrNiW.

Carbonitriding: carbonitriding bụ obere okpomọkụ, ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa, obere deformation nke parts.The elu microstructure bụ ezi agịga tempered martensite + granular carbon na nitrogen compound Fe3 (C, N) + a obere residual austenite.It nwere elu eyi iguzogide, ike ọgwụgwụ ike na ike mkpakọ, na nwere ụfọdụ corrosion resistance. Ọtụtụ mgbe a na-eji na arọ na ọkara ibu gia mere nke ala na ọkara carbon alloy ígwè.

Nitrocarburizing: nitrocarburizing usoro bụ ngwa ngwa, elu hardness bụ ubé ala karịa nitriding, ma ike ọgwụgwụ na-eguzogide bụ good.It na-tumadi ji maka machining ebu na obere mmetụta ibu, elu eyi iguzogide, ike ọgwụgwụ na obere deformation.General ígwè akụkụ, dị otú ahụ. dị ka carbon structural ígwè, alloy structural ígwè, alloy ngwá ọrụ ígwè, isi awọ nkedo ígwè, nodular nkedo ígwè na ntụ ntụ metallurgy, nwere ike ịbụ nitrocarburized.

 

Kọwaa nkenke nkenke ụkpụrụ nke nhazi usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ

1. Teknụzụ dị elu.

2. Usoro a bụ nke a pụrụ ịdabere na ya, ezi uche na nke nwere ike ime.

3. Economy nke usoro.

4. Nchekwa nke usoro.

5. Gbalịa na-eji usoro akụrụngwa na elu mechanization na akpaaka usoro.

 

Kedu nsogbu a ga-atụle na njikarịcha nhazi nke usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ?

1. Njikọ dị n'etiti teknụzụ nhazi oyi na ọkụ kwesịrị ịtụle nke ọma, na nhazi nke usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ kwesịrị ịbụ ihe ezi uche dị na ya.

2. Nabata nkà na ụzụ ọhụrụ dị ka o kwere mee, kọwaa nkenke usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ, na-ebelata usoro mmepụta ihe. N'okpuru ọnọdụ nke ijide n'aka na usoro achọrọ na arụmọrụ nke akụkụ, gbalịa ime usoro dị iche iche ma ọ bụ usoro nkà na ụzụ jikọtara ọnụ.

3. Mgbe ụfọdụ, iji meziwanye àgwà ngwaahịa na ịgbatị ndụ ọrụ nke workpiece, ọ dị mkpa ịbawanye usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ.

 

Kọwaa nkenke ụkpụrụ ndị a ga-agbaso na imepụta inductor

1. Njikọ njikọ dị n'etiti inductor na workpiece kwesịrị ịdị nso dị ka o kwere mee.

2. The workpiece kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ site ná mpụta mgbidi nke eriri igwe ga-chụpụrụ site a flux magnet.

3. Design nke workpiece sensọ na nkọ nkuku iji zere nkọ mmetụta.

4. Ekwesịrị izere ihe na-emepe emepe nke ahịrị ndọta.

5. Sensọ imewe kwesịrị ịgbalị izute workpiece nwere ike na-atụgharị mgbe kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ.

Kedu ụkpụrụ bụ isi ndị na-emepụta kwesịrị ịtụle mgbe ha na-ahọrọ ihe?

1. Họrọ ihe dịka ọnọdụ ọrụ nke akụkụ, gụnyere ụdị ibu na nha, ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi na isi ọdịda ụdịdị;

2. N'ịtụle nhazi, ọdịdị, nha na ihe ndị ọzọ nke akụkụ ahụ, ihe nwere ike ịdị mma nwere ike ịhazi ya site na mmanụ quenching ma ọ bụ mmiri-soluble quenching usoro maka mfe quenching distortion na cracking;

3. Ghọta usoro na ihe onwunwe nke ihe mgbe ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ gasịrị.Ụfọdụ akara akara nchara emepụtara maka ụzọ ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ dị iche iche ga-enwe nhazi na njirimara ka mma mgbe ọgwụgwọ gasịrị;

4. N'ihe gbasara ịhụ na ọrụ ọrụ na ndụ nke akụkụ, usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ kwesịrị ime ka ọ dị mfe dị ka o kwere mee, karịsịa ihe ndị nwere ike ịchekwa.

Kedu ihe njirimara usoro kwesịrị ịtụle mgbe ị na-ahọrọ ihe igwe maka imepụta akụkụ?

1. Ịrụ ọrụ nkedo.

2. arụmọrụ machining nrụgide.

3. Ịrụ ọrụ igwe.

4. Ịgbado ọkụ arụmọrụ.

5. Ịrụ ọrụ usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ.

Gịnị bụ isi usoro nke chemical okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ nke ígwè?Gịnị bụ isi ụzọ mee ngwangwa chemical gwọọ ọgwụgwọ ?Gịnị bụ uru nke carburizing subsection akara technology?N'okpuru nkịtị ọnọdụ,ihe bụ Ọdịdị nke elu na ala carbon ígwè mgbe carburizing na quenching?

Decomposition, adsorption, diffusion three steps.The ngwa nke segmental akara usoro, compound infiltration ọgwụgwọ, elu okpomọkụ mgbasa, ojiji nke ọhụrụ ihe mee ngwangwa mgbasa usoro, kemịkalụ infiltration, anụ ahụ infiltration; gbochie workpiece elu oxidation, na-eme ka mgbasa, nke mere na atọ usoro n'ụzọ zuru ezu achikota, belata workpiece elu na-etolite carbon ojii usoro, mee ngwa ngwa usoro nke carburizing, iji hụ na mgbanwe oyi akwa bụ wider na ọzọ nwayọọ àgwà infiltration oyi akwa; Site n'elu ruo n'etiti, iji bụ. hypereutectoid, eutectoid, hyperhypoeutectoid, primordial hypoeutectoid.

Olee otú ọtụtụ ụdị nke wear ọdịda dị? Olee otú prevebt ụdị ọ bụla nke eyi na ọdịda nke akụkụ?

Ụdị eyi:

Uwe adhesion, akwa abrasive, eyi corrosion, ike ọgwụgwụ kọntaktị.

Ụzọ mgbochi:

Maka uwe nrapado, nhọrọ ezi uche dị na ya nke ihe abụọ esemokwu; Iji ọgwụgwọ elu iji belata ọnụọgụ esemokwu ma ọ bụ melite ike elu; Belata nrụgide mkpakọ kọntaktị; Belata ịdị nro n'elu. Maka iyi abrasive, na mgbakwunye na ibelata nrụgide kọntaktị na anya esemokwu na-amị amị na imewe nke lubricating mmanụ filtration ngwaọrụ iji wepụ abrasive, kamakwa ezi uche nhọrọ nke elu hardness ihe;The elu hardness nke esemokwu ụzọ ihe e mma site n'elu okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ na elu ọrụ hardening.N'ihi corrosive yi, họrọ oxidation eguzogide ihe; Elu mkpuchi; Nhọrọ nke Ihe na-eguzogide corrosion;Electrochemical nchedo;Mmetụta nchekasị nke nrụgide nrụgide nwere ike ibelata mgbe a na-agbakwunye ihe mgbochi corrosion. ịdị ọcha nke ihe ahụ, belata nsonye, ​​melite isi ike na ike nke akụkụ; Belata ihe dị elu nke akụkụ ahụ, meziwanye viscosity nke mmanụ lubricating iji belata ọrụ wedge.

Kedu ihe bụ granular bainite?

Ọ mejupụtara nnukwu (equiaxed) ferrite na mpaghara carbon dị elu A.

Kọwaa ụdị, ebumnuche na ojiji nke mgbagha bọọlụ

Nlaghachi azụ bọọlụ a na-ahụkarị: na-abawanye ike ike, melite igwe eji arụ ọrụ, belata mgbawa mgbagha.

Isothermal bọọlụ regression: eji maka elu carbon ngwá ọrụ steels, alloy ngwá ọrụ steels.

Bọọlụ okirikiri azụ: eji maka carbon ngwá ọrụ ígwè, alloy ngwá ọrụ ígwè.

The quenching okpomọkụ nke hypoeutectoid ígwè na-adịkarị n'elu Ac3, ma kedu ihe mere quenching kpo oku okpomọkụ nke hypereutectoid ígwè bụ AC1-ACM?Gbalịa nyochaa ya n'ụzọ doro anya

1. N'ihi obere ọdịnaya nke ígwè hypoeutectoid, nhazi mbụ P + F, ma ọ bụrụ na okpomọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ dị ala karịa Ac3, a ga-enwe F na-adịghị edozi, a ga-enwekwa ebe dị nro mgbe quenching. Maka eutectoid ígwè, ma ọ bụrụ na okpomọkụ. dị oke elu, nke ukwuu K 'gbarisie ike, mee ka ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mpempe akwụkwọ M dịkwuo elu, dị mfe ime ka nrụrụ na mgbawa, mee ka ọnụ ọgụgụ nke A' dịkwuo elu, K'ịgbari, ma belata nkwụsị nke ígwè.

2. The okpomọkụ nke eutectoid ígwè dị oke elu, ọchịchọ nke ọxịdashọn na decarbonization na-abawanye, nke mere na elu mejupụtara nke ígwè na-adịghị edo, Nwada larịị dị iche iche, n'ihi na quenching cracking.

3. Ịhọrọ quenching okpomọkụ Ac1 + (30-50 ℃) nwere ike na-ejigide undissolved K 'iji melite eyi iguzogide, belata carbon ọdịnaya nke matriks, na dịkwuo ike plasticity na siri ike nke ígwè.

Usoro ọhụrụ nke obere temerature na elu terperature tempering nke elu na-agba ígwè ga-eme ka ndụ nke quenched tempering akụkụ nke elu na-agba steel.Ọ na-enyocha usoro iwu?

The edo ọdịda nke ε na M3C na-eme ka ọdịda nke M2C na MC ọzọ edo na nso nke secondary hardening okpomọkụ, nke na-akwalite mgbanwe nke ụfọdụ residual austenite n'ime bainite na mma ike na toughness.

gosi ụdị alloy ndị a

ZL104: nkedo aluminum, MB2: oruru magnesium alloy, ZM3: nkedo magnesium, TA4: α titanium alloy, H68: brass, QSN4-3: tin brass, QBe2: beryllium ọla, TB2: β titanium alloy.

Kedu ihe bụ ike mgbaji?Kedu otu esi ekpe ikpe ma akụkụ ahụ nwere mgbaji mgbaji mgbaji dị ala dịka ike mgbaji K1C siri dị, nrụgide na-arụ ọrụ na radius mgbape?

Njiji siri ike bụ ndenye ihe onwunwe na-egosi ikike nke ihe nwere ike iguzogide mgbaji. Ọ bụrụ na K1 & gt;K1C, mgbaji mgbaji na-agbaji obere nrụgide na-apụta.

Njirimara ngbanwe nke oge nke nkedo isi awọ ma e jiri ya tụnyere ígwè:

1) Nkedo ígwè bụ fe-C-Si ternary alloy, na eutectoid mgbanwe na-eme n'ime a dịgasị iche iche okpomọkụ nso, nke e nwere ferrite + austenite + graphite;

2) Usoro graphitization nke ígwè nkedo dị mfe ime, na ferrite matrix, pearlite matrix na ferrite + pearlite matrix nke nkedo ígwè na-enweta site na ịchịkwa usoro;

3) Enwere ike ịhazi ma chịkwaa ọdịnaya carbon nke A na ngwaahịa mgbanwe n'ọtụtụ dị ukwuu site n'ịchịkwa ọkụ ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, mkpuchi na ọnọdụ jụrụ oyi;

4) E jiri ya tụnyere ígwè, ebe mgbasa ozi nke carbon carbon dị ogologo;

5) ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ nke nkedo ígwè enweghị ike ịgbanwe ọdịdị na nkesa nke graphite, ma ọ nwere ike ịgbanwe naanị nhazi na ihe onwunwe.

 

Usoro nhazi nke nhazi mgbe ígwè na-ekpo ọkụ ?Ihe na-emetụta nha ọka nke A?

Usoro nhazi: nguzobe nke kristal kristal, uto nke ọka A, mgbasa nke cementite residual, homogenization nke A; Ihe ndị na-akpata: okpomọkụ okpomọkụ, ijide oge, ọkụ ọkụ, ihe mejupụtara ígwè, nhazi mbụ.

Kedu ụzọ bụ isi esi eme ngwa ngwa ọgwụgwọ hest kemịkalụ?

Ụzọ: usoro nchịkwa nke mpaghara, ọgwụgwọ ntinye ntinye ihe, mgbasa ozi dị elu nke okpomọkụ, iji ihe ọhụrụ mee ka usoro mgbasa ozi dịkwuo ngwa ngwa, ntinye kemịkalụ, ntinye anụ ahụ.

Kedu ụzọ atọ bụ isi nke nnyefe ọkụ?

Ọnọdụ mbufe ọkụ: nnyefe ọkụ ọkụ, nnyefe ọkụ convection, nnyefe ọkụ radieshon (ọkụ ọkụ n'elu 700 ℃ bụ nnyefe ọkụ radieshon).

Kedu ihe bụ anụ ahụ ojii na carbonitriding?Kedu ka esi egbochi ya?

Òtù ojii na-ezo aka na ntụpọ ojii, eriri ojii na webụ ojii. Iji gbochie ọdịdị nke anụ ahụ ojii, ọdịnaya nitrogen dị na oyi akwa nke na-eme ka ọ ghara ịdị elu ekwesịghị ịdị elu, n'ozuzu karịa 0,5% na-adịkarị ka anụ ahụ ojii na-adịghị ahụkebe; Ọdịnaya dị na oyi akwa na-eme ka ọ ghara ịdị ala, ma ọ bụghị na ọ dị mfe ịmepụta netwọk tortenite. Iji gbochie netwọk torstenite, ihe mgbakwunye nke amonia kwesịrị ịdị oke.Ọ bụrụ na ọdịnaya amonia dị elu nke ukwuu na ebe igirigi nke gas ọkụ na-ebelata, anụ ahụ ojii ga-apụta.

Iji gbochie ọdịdị nke netwọk torstenite, a na-eme ka ọkụ ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ dị elu nke ọma ma ọ bụ na-eme ka ọ dị jụụ na ike dị jụụ nwere ike iji mee ihe. Mgbe omimi nke anụ ahụ ojii na-erughị 0.02mm, a na-eji peening na-agba ọkụ na-edozi ya.

Kọwaa n'ụzọ dị nkenke ụkpụrụ nhọpụta nke parampat usoro ikpo ọkụ ọkụ induction

Heating usoro: induction kpo oku quenching nwere ụzọ abụọ nke imekotaotuugbo kpo oku quenching na-akpụ akpụ kpo oku na-aga n'ihu quenching, dabere na ngwá ọnọdụ na akụkụ type.The kpọmkwem ike nke imekotaotuugbo kpo oku bụ n'ozuzu 0.5 ~ 4.0 KW / cm2, na kpọmkwem ike nke mobile kpo oku bụ. n'ozuzu ukwuu karịa 1.5 kW / cm2. Ogologo aro akụkụ, tubular n'ime oghere quenching akụkụ, n'etiti modulus gia na mbara ezé, warara akụkụ ịmụta na-aga n'ihu quenching; Nnukwu gia adopts otu nha nha na-aga n'ihu quenching.

Igwe ọkụ:

1. Heating okpomọkụ: N'ihi na ngwa ngwa induction kpo oku ọsọ, na quenching okpomọkụ bụ 30-50 ℃ elu karịa izugbe okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ iji mee ka anụ ahụ mgbanwe zuru;

2. Oge ikpo ọkụ: dị ka teknụzụ chọrọ, ihe, ọdịdị, nha, ugboro ugbu a, ike kpọmkwem na ihe ndị ọzọ.

Usoro nju oyi na ikpo ọkụ: Ụzọ nju oyi na-ekpo ọkụ nke ikpo ọkụ na-emekarị ka ọ dị jụụ na mbuso agha.

Kedu ihe ndị a kpachara anya maka iwe iwe?

Ọnwụ ga-adịrịrị n'oge, mgbe emenyụchara akụkụ n'ime 4h tempering. Ụzọ ndị na-ewekarị iwe ọkụ bụ iwe onwe onye, ​​ọkụ ọkụ na induction tempering.

Ndozi nke parampat eletrik nke induction kpo oku

Nzube bụ ime ka ọrụ nke elu na ọkara ugboro ike ọkọnọ na resonant ala, nke mere na ngwá na-egwu a elu arụmọrụ.

1. Gbanwee paramita eletriki nke ikpo ọkụ dị elu. N'okpuru ọnọdụ nke 7-8kV dị ala na-ebu ibu, gbanwee njikọ na nzaghachi ọnọdụ nke handwheel na-eme ka ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọnụ ụzọ ámá na anode ugbu a 1: 5-1: 10, wee mụbaa voltaji anode na voltaji ọrụ, na-emeziwanye ihe eletriki eletriki, nke mere na a na-edozi voltaji ọwa na uru achọrọ, egwuregwu kacha mma.

2. Gbanwee eletriki kwa nke etiti ugboro kpo oku, họrọ kwesịrị ekwesị quenching transformer amama ruru na capacitance dị ka size nke akụkụ, udi hardening mpaghara ogologo na inductor Ọdịdị, nke mere na ọ nwere ike na-arụ ọrụ na resonance ala.

Kedu ihe mgbasa ozi jụrụ oyi na-ejikarị?

Mmiri, mmiri nnu, mmiri alkali, mmanụ igwe, saltpeter, mmanya polyvinyl, ngwọta trinitrate, onye na-emenyụ mmiri na-edozi mmiri, mmanụ pụrụ iche na-emenyụ, wdg.

Gbalịa nyochaa ihe ndị na-emetụta ike siri ike nke ígwè

1. Mmetụta nke ọdịnaya carbon: na mmụba nke carbon carbon na hypoeutectoid ígwè, nkwụsi ike nke A na-abawanye na C curve na-aga n'ụzọ ziri ezi; Site na mmụba nke carbon carbon na carbides na-adịghị agbaze na eutectoid ígwè, nkwụsi ike nke A na-ebelata na usoro C na-agbanwe aka nri.

2. mmetụta nke alloying ọcha: Ewezuga Co, ihe niile metal ọcha na steeti ngwọta siri ike na-aga n'ihu na C curve.

3.A okpomọkụ na njide oge: The elu na A okpomọkụ bụ, ogologo oge na-ejigide bụ, ka kpamkpam carbide na-agbaze, na coarser na A ọka bụ, na curve nke C na-aga n'aka nri.

4. Mmetụta nke anụ ahụ mbụ: Ka anụ ahụ mbụ ahụ dị gịrịgịrị, ọ na-adị mfe ịnweta otu A, nke mere na CURVE nke C na-aga n'ụzọ ziri ezi na Ms na-agbada.

5. Mmetụta nke nrụgide na nsogbu na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ C na-aga n'aka ekpe.


Oge nzipu: Sep-15-2021